Add WAMR API bindings in Python (#1959)

Before adding the new bindings:
1. Moved wasm-c-api in a subfolder wasmcapi in the package.
2. Adapted the tests to be able to run in this new structure.

New:
1. Added the WAMR API in another folder wamrapi in the same level as wasm-c-api.
2. Created an OOP proposal.
3. Added an example using this proposal.

language-bindings/python/src/wamr/wamrapi/wamr.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2019 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+
+from ctypes import Array
+from ctypes import c_char
+from ctypes import c_uint
+from ctypes import c_uint8
+from ctypes import c_void_p
+from ctypes import cast
+from ctypes import create_string_buffer
+from ctypes import POINTER
+from ctypes import pointer
+
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import Alloc_With_Pool
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import RuntimeInitArgs
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_exec_env_t
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_function_inst_t
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_module_inst_t
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_module_t
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_call_wasm
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_create_exec_env
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_deinstantiate
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_destroy
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_destroy_exec_env
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_full_init
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_instantiate
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_load
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_lookup_function
+from wamr.wamrapi.iwasm import wasm_runtime_unload
+
+
+class Engine:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.init_args = self._get_init_args()
+        wasm_runtime_full_init(pointer(self.init_args))
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        print("deleting Engine")
+        wasm_runtime_destroy()
+
+    def _get_init_args(self, heap_size: int = 1024 * 512) -> RuntimeInitArgs:
+        init_args = RuntimeInitArgs()
+        init_args.mem_alloc_type = Alloc_With_Pool
+        init_args.mem_alloc_option.pool.heap_buf = cast(
+            (c_char * heap_size)(), c_void_p
+        )
+        init_args.mem_alloc_option.pool.heap_size = heap_size
+        return init_args
+
+
+class Module:
+    __create_key = object()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_file(cls, engine: Engine, fp: str) -> "Module":
+        return Module(cls.__create_key, engine, fp)
+
+    def __init__(self, create_key: object, engine: Engine, fp: str) -> None:
+        assert (
+            create_key == Module.__create_key
+        ), "Module objects must be created using Module.from_file"
+        self.engine = engine
+        self.module, self.file_data = self._create_module(fp)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        print("deleting Module")
+        wasm_runtime_unload(self.module)
+
+    def _create_module(self, fp: str) -> tuple[wasm_module_t, Array[c_uint]]:
+        with open(fp, "rb") as f:
+            data = f.read()
+            data = (c_uint8 * len(data))(*data)
+
+        error_buf = create_string_buffer(128)
+        module = wasm_runtime_load(data, len(data), error_buf, len(error_buf))
+        if not module:
+            raise Exception("Error while creating module")
+        return module, data
+
+
+class Instance:
+    def __init__(self, module: Module, stack_size: int = 65536, heap_size: int = 16384):
+        self.module = module
+        self.module_inst = self._create_module_inst(module, stack_size, heap_size)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        print("deleting Instance")
+        wasm_runtime_deinstantiate(self.module_inst)
+
+    def lookup_function(self, name: str):
+        func = wasm_runtime_lookup_function(self.module_inst, name, None)
+        if not func:
+            raise Exception("Error while looking-up function")
+        return func
+
+    def _create_module_inst(self, module: Module, stack_size: int, heap_size: int) -> wasm_module_inst_t:
+        error_buf = create_string_buffer(128)
+        module_inst = wasm_runtime_instantiate(
+            module.module, stack_size, heap_size, error_buf, len(error_buf)
+        )
+        if not module_inst:
+            raise Exception("Error while creating module instance")
+        return module_inst
+
+
+class ExecEnv:
+    def __init__(self, module_inst: Instance, stack_size: int = 65536):
+        self.module_inst = module_inst
+        self.exec_env = self._create_exec_env(module_inst, stack_size)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        print("deleting ExecEnv")
+        wasm_runtime_destroy_exec_env(self.exec_env)
+
+    def call(self, func: wasm_function_inst_t, argc: int, argv: "POINTER[c_uint]"):
+        if not wasm_runtime_call_wasm(self.exec_env, func, argc, argv):
+            raise Exception("Error while calling function")
+
+    def _create_exec_env(self, module_inst: Instance, stack_size: int) -> wasm_exec_env_t:
+        exec_env = wasm_runtime_create_exec_env(module_inst.module_inst, stack_size)
+        if not exec_env:
+            raise Exception("Error while creating execution environment")
+        return exec_env

language-bindings/python/src/wamr/wasmcapi/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2019 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+#
+__all__ = ["ffi"]

language-bindings/python/src/wamr/wasmcapi/ffi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2019 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+#
+# pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
+# pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring
+# pylint: disable=missing-module-docstring
+
+import ctypes as c
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import sys
+
+#
+# Prologue. Dependencies of binding
+#
+
+# how to open the library file of WAMR
+
+if sys.platform == "linux":
+    BUILDING_DIR = "product-mini/platforms/linux/build"
+    LIBRARY_NAME = "libiwasm.so"
+elif sys.platform == "win32":
+    BUILDING_DIR = "product-mini/platforms/windows/build"
+    LIBRARY_NAME = "iwasm.dll"
+elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+    BUILDING_DIR = "product-mini/platforms/darwin/build"
+    LIBRARY_NAME = "libiwasm.dylib"
+else:
+    raise RuntimeError(f"unsupported platform `{sys.platform}`")
+
+# FIXME: should load libiwasm.so from current system library path
+current_file = Path(__file__)
+if current_file.is_symlink():
+    current_file = Path(os.readlink(current_file))
+current_dir = current_file.parent.resolve()
+root_dir = current_dir.parents[4].resolve()
+wamr_dir = root_dir.resolve()
+if not wamr_dir.exists():
+    raise RuntimeError(f"not found the repo of wasm-micro-runtime under {root_dir}")
+
+libpath = wamr_dir.joinpath(BUILDING_DIR).joinpath(LIBRARY_NAME).resolve()
+if not libpath.exists():
+    raise RuntimeError(f"not found precompiled wamr library at {libpath}")
+
+print(f"loading WAMR library from {libpath} ...")
+libiwasm = c.cdll.LoadLibrary(libpath)
+
+
+class wasm_ref_t(c.Structure):
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    pass
+
+
+class wasm_val_union(c.Union):
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("i32", c.c_int32),
+        ("i64", c.c_int64),
+        ("f32", c.c_float),
+        ("f64", c.c_double),
+        ("ref", c.POINTER(wasm_ref_t)),
+    ]
+
+
+class wasm_val_t(c.Structure):
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name
+    _fields_ = [
+        ("kind", c.c_uint8),
+        ("of", wasm_val_union),
+    ]
+
+
+def dereference(p):
+    # pylint: disable=protected-access
+    if not isinstance(p, c._Pointer):
+        raise RuntimeError("not a pointer")
+    return p.contents
+
+
+# HELPERs
+def create_null_pointer(struct_type):
+    return c.POINTER(struct_type)()
+
+
+def is_null_pointer(c_pointer):
+    # pylint: disable=protected-access
+    if isinstance(c_pointer, c._Pointer):
+        return False if c_pointer else True
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a pointer")
+
+
+def wasm_vec_to_list(vec):
+    """
+    Converts a vector or a POINTER(vector) to a list
+    vector of type pointers -> list of type pointers
+    """
+    known_vec_type = [
+        wasm_byte_vec_t,
+        wasm_valtype_vec_t,
+        wasm_functype_vec_t,
+        wasm_globaltype_vec_t,
+        wasm_tabletype_vec_t,
+        wasm_memorytype_vec_t,
+        wasm_externtype_vec_t,
+        wasm_importtype_vec_t,
+        wasm_exporttype_vec_t,
+        wasm_val_vec_t,
+        wasm_frame_vec_t,
+        wasm_extern_vec_t,
+    ]
+    known_vec_pointer_type = [POINTER(type) for type in known_vec_type]
+
+    if any([isinstance(vec, type) for type in known_vec_pointer_type]):
+        vec = dereference(vec)
+        return [vec.data[i] for i in range(vec.num_elems)]
+    elif any([isinstance(vec, type) for type in known_vec_type]):
+        return [vec.data[i] for i in range(vec.num_elems)]
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a known vector type")
+
+
+def list_to_carray(elem_type, *args):
+    """
+    Converts a python list into a C array
+    """
+    data = (elem_type * len(args))(*args)
+    return data
+
+
+def load_module_file(wasm_content):
+    binary = wasm_byte_vec_t()
+    wasm_byte_vec_new_uninitialized(binary, len(wasm_content))
+    # has to use malloced memory.
+    c.memmove(binary.data, wasm_content, len(wasm_content))
+    binary.num_elems = len(wasm_content)
+    return binary
+
+
+#
+# Enhancment of binding
+#
+
+from .binding import *
+
+# Built-in functions for Structure
+
+
+wasm_finalizer = CFUNCTYPE(None, c_void_p)
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_limits_t(self):
+    return f"{self.min:#x} {self.max:#x}"
+
+
+# overwrite
+wasm_limits_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_limits_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_valtype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_valtype_t):
+        return False
+
+    return wasm_valtype_kind(byref(self)) == wasm_valtype_kind(byref(other))
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_valtype_t(self):
+    val_kind = wasm_valtype_kind(byref(self))
+    if WASM_I32 == val_kind:
+        return "i32"
+    elif WASM_I64 == val_kind:
+        return "i64"
+    elif WASM_F32 == val_kind:
+        return "f32"
+    elif WASM_F64 == val_kind:
+        return "f64"
+    elif WASM_FUNCREF == val_kind:
+        return "funcref"
+    else:
+        return "anyref"
+
+
+wasm_valtype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_valtype_t
+wasm_valtype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_valtype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_byte_vec_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_byte_vec_t):
+        return False
+
+    if self.num_elems != other.num_elems:
+        return False
+
+    self_data = bytes(self.data[: self.num_elems])
+    other_data = bytes(other.data[: other.num_elems])
+    return self_data.decode() == other_data.decode()
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_byte_vec_t(self):
+    data = bytes(self.data[: self.num_elems])
+    return data.decode() if self.size else ""
+
+
+wasm_byte_vec_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_byte_vec_t
+wasm_byte_vec_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_byte_vec_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_functype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_functype_t):
+        return False
+
+    params1 = dereference(wasm_functype_params(byref(self)))
+    params2 = dereference(wasm_functype_params(byref(other)))
+    results1 = dereference(wasm_functype_results(byref(self)))
+    results2 = dereference(wasm_functype_results(byref(other)))
+    return params1 == params2 and results1 == results2
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_functype_t(self):
+    params = dereference(wasm_functype_params(byref(self)))
+    results = dereference(wasm_functype_results(byref(self)))
+    params = f" (params {params})" if params.size else ""
+    results = f" (results {results})" if results.size else ""
+    return f"(func{params}{results})"
+
+
+wasm_functype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_functype_t
+wasm_functype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_functype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_globaltype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_globaltype_t):
+        return False
+
+    content1 = dereference(wasm_globaltype_content(byref(self)))
+    content2 = dereference(wasm_globaltype_content(byref(other)))
+    mutability1 = wasm_globaltype_mutability(byref(self))
+    mutability2 = wasm_globaltype_mutability(byref(other))
+    return content1 == content2 and mutability1 == mutability2
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_globaltype_t(self):
+    mutability = f"{wasm_globaltype_mutability(byref(self))}"
+    content = f"{dereference(wasm_globaltype_content(byref(self)))}"
+    return f"(global{' mut ' if mutability else ' '}{content})"
+
+
+wasm_globaltype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_globaltype_t
+wasm_globaltype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_globaltype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_tabletype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_tabletype_t):
+        return False
+
+    element1 = dereference(wasm_tabletype_element(byref(self)))
+    element2 = dereference(wasm_tabletype_element(byref(other)))
+    limits1 = dereference(wasm_tabletype_limits(byref(self)))
+    limits2 = dereference(wasm_tabletype_limits(byref(other)))
+    return element1 == element2 and limits1 == limits2
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_tabletype_t(self):
+    element = dereference(wasm_tabletype_element(byref(self)))
+    limit = dereference(wasm_tabletype_limits(byref(self)))
+    return f"(table {limit} {element})"
+
+
+wasm_tabletype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_tabletype_t
+wasm_tabletype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_tabletype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_memorytype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_memorytype_t):
+        return False
+
+    limits1 = dereference(wasm_memorytype_limits(byref(self)))
+    limits2 = dereference(wasm_memorytype_limits(byref(other)))
+    return limits1 == limits2
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_memorytype_t(self):
+    limit = dereference(wasm_memorytype_limits(byref(self)))
+    return f"(memory {limit})"
+
+
+wasm_memorytype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_memorytype_t
+wasm_memorytype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_memorytype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_externtype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_externtype_t):
+        return False
+
+    if wasm_externtype_kind(byref(self)) != wasm_externtype_kind(byref(other)):
+        return False
+
+    extern_kind = wasm_externtype_kind(byref(self))
+    if WASM_EXTERN_FUNC == extern_kind:
+        return dereference(wasm_externtype_as_functype(self)) == dereference(
+            wasm_externtype_as_functype(other)
+        )
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_GLOBAL == extern_kind:
+        return dereference(wasm_externtype_as_globaltype(self)) == dereference(
+            wasm_externtype_as_globaltype(other)
+        )
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_MEMORY == extern_kind:
+        return dereference(wasm_externtype_as_memorytype(self)) == dereference(
+            wasm_externtype_as_memorytype(other)
+        )
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_TABLE == extern_kind:
+        return dereference(wasm_externtype_as_tabletype(self)) == dereference(
+            wasm_externtype_as_tabletype(other)
+        )
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a valid wasm_externtype_t")
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_externtype_t(self):
+    extern_kind = wasm_externtype_kind(byref(self))
+    if WASM_EXTERN_FUNC == extern_kind:
+        return str(dereference(wasm_externtype_as_functype(byref(self))))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_GLOBAL == extern_kind:
+        return str(dereference(wasm_externtype_as_globaltype(byref(self))))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_MEMORY == extern_kind:
+        return str(dereference(wasm_externtype_as_memorytype(byref(self))))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_TABLE == extern_kind:
+        return str(dereference(wasm_externtype_as_tabletype(byref(self))))
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a valid wasm_externtype_t")
+
+
+wasm_externtype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_externtype_t
+wasm_externtype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_externtype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_importtype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_importtype_t):
+        return False
+
+    if dereference(wasm_importtype_module(self)) != dereference(
+        wasm_importtype_module(other)
+    ):
+        return False
+
+    if dereference(wasm_importtype_name(self)) != dereference(
+        wasm_importtype_name(other)
+    ):
+        return False
+
+    self_type = dereference(wasm_importtype_type(byref(self)))
+    other_type = dereference(wasm_importtype_type(byref(other)))
+    return self_type == other_type
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_importtype_t(self):
+    module = wasm_importtype_module(byref(self))
+    name = wasm_importtype_name(byref(self))
+    extern_type = wasm_importtype_type(byref(self))
+    return f'(import "{dereference(module)}" "{dereference(name)}" {dereference(extern_type)})'
+
+
+wasm_importtype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_importtype_t
+wasm_importtype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_importtype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_exporttype_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_exporttype_t):
+        return False
+
+    self_name = dereference(wasm_exporttype_name(byref(self)))
+    other_name = dereference(wasm_exporttype_name(byref(other)))
+    if self_name != other_name:
+        return False
+
+    self_type = dereference(wasm_exporttype_type(byref(self)))
+    other_type = dereference(wasm_exporttype_type(byref(other)))
+    return self_type == other_type
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_exporttype_t(self):
+    name = wasm_exporttype_name(byref(self))
+    extern_type = wasm_exporttype_type(byref(self))
+    return f'(export "{dereference(name)}" {dereference(extern_type)})'
+
+
+wasm_exporttype_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_exporttype_t
+wasm_exporttype_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_exporttype_t
+
+
+def __compare_wasm_val_t(self, other):
+    if not isinstance(other, wasm_val_t):
+        return False
+
+    if self.kind != other.kind:
+        return False
+
+    if WASM_I32 == self.kind:
+        return self.of.i32 == other.of.i32
+    elif WASM_I64 == self.kind:
+        return self.of.i64 == other.of.i64
+    elif WASM_F32 == self.kind:
+        return self.of.f32 == other.of.f32
+    elif WASM_F64 == self.kind:
+        return self.of.f64 == other.of.f63
+    elif WASM_ANYREF == self.kind:
+        raise RuntimeError("FIXME")
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a valid val kind")
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_val_t(self):
+    if WASM_I32 == self.kind:
+        return f"i32 {self.of.i32}"
+    elif WASM_I64 == self.kind:
+        return f"i64 {self.of.i64}"
+    elif WASM_F32 == self.kind:
+        return f"f32 {self.of.f32}"
+    elif WASM_F64 == self.kind:
+        return f"f64 {self.of.f64}"
+    elif WASM_ANYREF == self.kind:
+        return f"anyref {self.of.ref}"
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a valid val kind")
+
+
+wasm_val_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_val_t
+wasm_val_t.__eq__ = __compare_wasm_val_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_trap_t(self):
+    message = wasm_message_t()
+    wasm_trap_message(self, message)
+    return f'(trap "{str(message)}")'
+
+
+wasm_trap_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_trap_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_frame_t(self):
+    instance = wasm_frame_instance(self)
+    module_offset = wasm_frame_module_offset(self)
+    func_index = wasm_frame_func_index(self)
+    func_offset = wasm_frame_func_offset(self)
+    return f"> module:{module_offset:#x} => func#{func_index:#x}.{func_offset:#x}"
+
+
+wasm_frame_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_frame_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_module_t(self):
+    imports = wasm_importtype_vec_t()
+    wasm_module_imports(self, imports)
+
+    exports = wasm_exporttype_vec_t()
+    wasm_module_exports(self, exports)
+
+    ret = "(module"
+    ret += str(imports).replace("(import", "\n  (import")
+    ret += str(exports).replace("(export", "\n  (export")
+    ret += "\n)"
+    return ret
+
+
+wasm_module_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_module_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_instance_t(self):
+    exports = wasm_extern_vec_t()
+    wasm_instance_exports(self, exports)
+
+    ret = "(instance"
+    ret += str(exports).replace("(export", "\n (export")
+    ret += "\n)"
+    return ret
+
+
+wasm_instance_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_instance_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_func_t(self):
+    ft = wasm_func_type(self)
+    return f"{str(dereference(ft))[:-1]} ... )"
+
+
+wasm_func_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_func_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_global_t(self):
+    gt = wasm_global_type(self)
+    return f"{str(dereference(gt))[:-1]} ... )"
+
+
+wasm_global_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_global_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_table_t(self):
+    tt = wasm_table_type(self)
+    return f"{str(dereference(tt))[:-1]} ... )"
+
+
+wasm_table_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_table_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_memory_t(self):
+    mt = wasm_memory_type(self)
+    return f"{str(dereference(mt))[:-1]} ... )"
+
+
+wasm_memory_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_memory_t
+
+
+def __repr_wasm_extern_t(self):
+    ext_type = wasm_extern_type(self)
+    ext_kind = wasm_extern_kind(self)
+
+    ret = "(export "
+    if WASM_EXTERN_FUNC == ext_kind:
+        ft = wasm_externtype_as_functype(ext_type)
+        ret += str(dereference(ft))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_GLOBAL == ext_kind:
+        gt = wasm_externtype_as_globaltype(ext_type)
+        ret += str(dereference(gt))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_MEMORY == ext_kind:
+        mt = wasm_externtype_as_memorytype(ext_type)
+        ret += str(dereference(mt))
+    elif WASM_EXTERN_TABLE == ext_kind:
+        tt = wasm_externtype_as_tabletype(ext_type)
+        ret += str(dereference(tt))
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError("not a valid extern kind")
+    ret += ")"
+    return ret
+
+
+wasm_extern_t.__repr__ = __repr_wasm_extern_t
+
+
+# Function Types construction short-hands
+def wasm_name_new_from_string(s):
+    name = wasm_name_t()
+    data = ((c.c_ubyte) * len(s)).from_buffer_copy(s.encode())
+    wasm_byte_vec_new(byref(name), len(s), data)
+    return name
+
+
+def __wasm_functype_new(param_list, result_list):
+    def __list_to_wasm_valtype_vec(l):
+        vec = wasm_valtype_vec_t()
+
+        if not l:
+            wasm_valtype_vec_new_empty(byref(vec))
+        else:
+            data_type = POINTER(wasm_valtype_t) * len(l)
+            data = data_type()
+            for i in range(len(l)):
+                data[i] = l[i]
+            wasm_valtype_vec_new(byref(vec), len(l), data)
+
+        return vec
+
+    params = __list_to_wasm_valtype_vec(param_list)
+    results = __list_to_wasm_valtype_vec(result_list)
+    return wasm_functype_new(byref(params), byref(results))
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_0_0():
+    return __wasm_functype_new([], [])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_1_0(p1):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1], [])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_2_0(p1, p2):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1, p2], [])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_3_0(p1, p2, p3):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1, p2, p3], [])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_0_1(r1):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([], [r1])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_1_1(p1, r1):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1], [r1])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_2_1(p1, p2, r1):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1, p2], [r1])
+
+
+def wasm_functype_new_3_1(p1, p2, p3, r1):
+    return __wasm_functype_new([p1, p2, p3], [r1])
+
+
+def wasm_limits_new(min, max):
+    limit = wasm_limits_t()
+    limit.min = min
+    limit.max = max
+    return c.pointer(limit)
+
+
+def wasm_i32_val(i):
+    v = wasm_val_t()
+    v.kind = WASM_I32
+    v.of.i32 = i
+    return v
+
+
+def wasm_i64_val(i):
+    v = wasm_val_t()
+    v.kind = WASM_I64
+    v.of.i64 = i
+    return v
+
+
+def wasm_f32_val(z):
+    v = wasm_val_t()
+    v.kind = WASM_F32
+    v.of.f32 = z
+    return v
+
+
+def wasm_f64_val(z):
+    v = wasm_val_t()
+    v.kind = WASM_F64
+    v.of.f64 = z
+    return v
+
+
+def wasm_func_cb_decl(func):
+    return wasm_func_callback_t(func)
+
+
+def wasm_func_with_env_cb_decl(func):
+    return wasm_func_callback_with_env_t(func)