christoph/experimental-evaluation-of-webassembly-under-transient-fault-conditions-for-safety-critical-systems
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christoph
2026-09-12 13:29:35 +02:00
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chapters/05_experiment_setup/05_01_execution_environment.tex
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@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ While a suitable and correctly configured statically linked real-time operating
Instead, experiments are cross-compiled to freestanding executables using \code{i386-elf-gcc} with Newlib\footnote{\url[2026-08-12]{https://sourceware.org/newlib/}} libc.
To make Newlib work inside a bare-metal environment, certain system calls must be provided by the platform, although not all of them need to be functional\footnote{\url[2026-08-12]{https://sourceware.org/newlib/libgloss.html\#Libraries-1}}:
\begin{itemize}
\item \code{sbrk()} is required for Newlib's \code{malloc()}, \code{calloc()} and \code{realloc()} memory-management functions. Although \Gls{wamr} uses its own memory allocator implementation (see \autoref{sec:wasmhostprogram}), \Gls{wasm} targets may still require a functional \code{sbrk()} if \Gls{wamr}'s \code{snprintf}/\code{vsnprintf} are used, depending on the format string.
\item \code{read()}, \code{write()}, \code{close()}, \code{fstat()} and \code{isatty()} stubs are required for \Gls{wamr} targets. Since no filesystem or console exists in the execution environment, they do not need to be functional.
\item \code{sbrk()} is required for Newlib's \code{malloc()}, \code{calloc()} and \code{realloc()} memory-management functions. Although \Gls{wamr} uses its own memory allocator implementation (see \autoref{sssec:wamrmemoryallocation}), \Gls{wasm} targets may still require a functional \code{sbrk()} if \Gls{wamr}'s \code{snprintf}/\code{vsnprintf} are used, depending on the format string.
\item \code{read()}, \code{write()}, \code{close()}, \code{fstat()} and \code{isatty()} stubs are required for \Gls{wamr} targets. Since no filesystem or console exists in the execution environment, they do not need to implement functional behavior.
\item \code{lseek()} is required for C and \Gls{wamr} targets. A stub suffices for the same reason as above.
\item \code{\_exit()}, \code{kill()} and \code{getpid()} are required for \Gls{wamr} targets. Implementations can be omitted, as the execution environment does not use processes.
\end{itemize}